Dialects :: Language Talking Dialect Essays

DialectsHere you are the leave Ten List for the evening. Tonights Top Ten, Rejected TV show opinions to replace Seinfeld. If you know what I smashed? Ha Ha (The Late Show 1998). As a student at Ball State University I come across many different people daily within a term. These individuals come from numerous locations within the articulate and beyond our identified state boundaries or even regional area of the nation. Considering the vast diversity, the common student will at a majority of the cartridge clip encounter many different dialects in various conversational situations. These regional standard dialects are all brought together at an institution for higher learning. This leads to issues pertaining to the idea of dialect area and dialect variation involving the factors of Dialectic Region. If these issues exist then would it not be logical that dialect mixing would then be relevant. In this case then the idea of repentance of a certain phrase would then become an incorpor ation into ones own dialect subsequently a certain period of exposure. Yet, is this exposure just limited to surroundings or does the mass technological revolution have a word in otherwise with the television and the music industry. These questions were the basic motivation for the research I conducted in order to find a better understanding to the issue pertaining to the environment in which I am trying to benefit from higher learning. On the 24th of April in 1998, at Bracken Library I issued a regional Standard Dialect Questionnaire. The outcome of the survey was quite interesting and insightful when considering the issue at hand. The survey consisted of fifty random students entering Bracken Library. These students were countercurrent into two basic categories by gender. The two groups answered multiple questions in reference to the notion of, You hear what Im saying and You know what I mean?. The questions were aimed toward the aspect of usage and knowledge of the sayings the mselves. The age range of the participants was between seventeen and twenty-four. Though other age ranges were offered the only area gathered was in the linguistic context of traditional undergraduate students. The males were sufficient in covering all aspects of the survey. The results of the questionnaire are as followed 52% You know what I mean? 8% You hear what Im saying?36% used both expressions4% used none of the aboveFrom these results the aspect of regional dialect was examined.

The Minimum Wage Should Be Eliminated Essays -- Minimum Wage, A Bad Po

The minimum wage is something that F.D.R. put in place a long time ago during the Great Depression. I dont think it worked then. It didnt solve any problems then and it hasnt solved any problems in 50 years.-- John RaeseIn the United States, the federal government maintains a national minimum wage to protect the purchasing spot of ordinary workers. It seems good that the government protects your purchasing power by adjusting the minimum wage with respect to the inflation rate. Its economic side effects are so obvious that make this policy a poisonous one because it creates more unemployment, makes employers cut fringe benefits and is inefficient.The first argument is that minimum wage creates more unemployment. From the point of view of basic supply and demand, workers and employers adjust the measuring of labor supplied according to wages until the quantity of labor demanded equals to the quantity of labor supplied, reaching an equilibrium wage. However, the policy ignores the ma rket price by setting a price floor higher than the equilibrium wage. A minimum wage is a...

Using Bicycles As An Alternative To Automobiles Essay -- essays resear

Using Bicycles As An Alternative To AutomobilesAbstractThis paper basically shows the reasons to use the bicycle as an alternativemode of transportation. It will points break through the benefits of the use of abicycle. It will also show what is being d whiz to getrid of the negative aspects of using a bicycle fortransportation.Bicycling is unmatchable and only(a) of the fastest growing forms of recreation. People are drawnto it for many reasons, being out in the fresh air, the thrill of speed, thephysical challenge, along with many other things. But there can be many moreuses for the bicycle. The use that this paper will focus on is transportation.The use of bicycles can greatly cleanse the economy of a nation. A comparisonbetween the efficiency of the transportation systems of the United Stated andJapan points this out. In 1990 Americans spent 17.9 percent of the GNP ontransportation, whereas the Japanese spent only 10.79 percent on transportation.This difference of nearly 7 percent, gives the Japanese economy much more moneyfor investing in their future.Our Economy is not the only thing we should worry about, and it is also not theonly thing that can be improved by the use of bicycles. on that point are several majorproblems that could be drastically reduced by the increased use of bicycles.Traffic would be a lot lighter imputable to the extremely small size of bicycles. Itwould also greatly reduce the wear and tear on our roads and highways, andtherefore reduce government expenditure. But one of the most serious problemsit would reduce is that of pollution and smog in out larger cities.There are more benefits to biking, though. There are benefits that come at amore personal level.Biking greatly improves ones health. It can be a way to exercise without takingmuch times out of ones schedule. The time one would spend biking to work servestwo important purposes. One, getting to work, but also as a great form ofexercise.Improved mobility in crowded situat ions. In downtown areas, biking to work mayactually save time. Cars crawl through congested traffic, while bicyclists ridearound it. The time it takes to park a car... ...(Washington conveying Research Board,1987)3.United States, Actions Needed To Increase Bicycle/Moped Use In TheFederal Community (Washington U.S. General Accounting Office, 1981)4.Mike Hudson, Bicycle provision (The Architectural Press London, 1982)5.National Research Council. theodolite Research Board. PedestrianBehavior and Bicycle Traffic (Washington National Academy of Sciences, 1980)6.National Research Council. Transportation Research Board. NonmotorizedTransportation Around The World (Washington National Academy Press, 1994)7.National Research Council. Transportation Research Board. NonmotorizedTransportation Research, Issues, and Use (Washington National Academy Press,1995)8. tail end T. Doolittle, Integration of Bicycles and Transit (WashingtonNational Academy Press, 1994)9.http//www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/ai r/ms/vexercis.htm10.http//www.nd.edu/ktrembat/www-bike/BCY/TryBikeCommute.html

The Role of Trees in Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee and Their Eyes Wer

The Role of Trees in Hurstons Seraph on the Suwanee and Their Eyes Were Watching idolTrees play integral roles in Seraph on the Suwanee and Their Eyes Were Watching God as sites of sexual awakening for Hurstons heroines, providing a space under which dreams bloom into glistening leaf-buds or over-ripen and die like spoiled fruit. Close readings of Janies pear tree and Arvays mulberry evoke strikingly disparate images of female sexuality despite Hurstons articulation of both experiences as the recognition of a pain remorseless sweet. Depicted within the first quarter of each narrative, Hurston places great emphasis on her charactersinitial sexual experiences as establishment the development of Janie and Arvays identities. As suggested by her pensive pose beneath the pear tree (stretched on her back), Janie possesses agency, navigating the course of her own sexual ontogenesis by searching, inviting, and questioning the tree and herself for voice and vision. Hurstons diction constru cts a purely sensual scene, for like the flower opening up and summoning the dust-beari...

My Passion for Business Essay -- Admissions Essay, College Application

in that location are many dreams revolving around us, some that seem impossible to reach and other that are substanti entirelyy grasped. The diversity of this world is great, and not one person has the same story to tell as another including me.Ever since I can remember I have been finding ways to be indep land upent my own women, or in this case, little lady. I would always try to do things my own way. There is a huge list of examples that I could give, but I have decided to discuss what I believe to be the one that would bring reveal a bit of awe and an understanding of what type of person I have been since a child. When I was younger, around the age of four, I would gather all of my toys that I possibly could. After a great amount accumulated, I would place them on blankets in the playground of our apartment. Then I would lay issue papers by each toy with a price that I thought was fair but that would also bring in some, mullah for me. At the end of the day all of my toys were sold to the children that gathered in the playground and I was able to buy new better toys with the earnings I had made.I ...

Mood of Passage in Snow Falling On Cedars Essay -- essays research pap

In the passage be ginning They had picked from the novel Snow Falling On Cedars, the author, David Guterson, uses many techniques to give the passage a depressing, and frightening mood. He uses natural imagery to describe Carls dead body. He withal uses figurative language, such as metaphors and similes to show the severity of the situation. Finally, his diction shows the reader how reading rough a crime scene can seem real if the word choice is right. All the techniques Guterson use help the reader to feel as if they were very at the scene when Carls dead body was found in the ocean.The words that Guterson uses create vivid images in the readers mind thank to his use of imagery in the passage. For example, when one reads about the bubbles of seawater coursing under Carls shirt, and his icy but brilliant pink skin that looked as if the sea had parboiled in the sea, they might be disgusted. The imagery lets readers actually imagine a dead Carl in their mind, which can be very dep ressing. Death is also a very scary subject for some, so imagining this would even frighten some. If Guterson would go just said that he was dead and the officers pulled him out of the water, it would not have been as effective. The reader might not have even got any mood out of that, but the mood is also determined by other(a) factors.Figurative language is used abundantly in the passage. Guterson uses metaphors such as Carls h...

Factors Influencing Moral Development Essay

The following are the most important factors that influence object lesson ontogeny Family, which takes four influence forms the familys behaviour acts as a model for the behaviour of the child, who imitates what he observes in former(a)s. By the use of approval or disapproval, pay back or punishment, the family teaches the child to behave in a socially desirable manner. By planning the punishment to fit the misrecognize severity of his wrongdoing. And the family can do more than to motivate the child to do properly. Playmates, as the child grows older the influence of group is very strong. Schools, when the relationship between teacher and pupils is good, the general morale of the kin improves. Sunday school and Church, wholesome religious experiences have marked influence on the values of children help them to learn to behave in a moral way (Woodruff, 1945).Read more Explain how children and young peoples development is influenced by a range of personal factors essayRecreation al Activities, it is assumed that the childs moral standards are influenced by his reading, parents and teachers encourage children to rea books which will contribute to the establishment of desirable concepts. Intelligence, it is needed also to be able to distinguish between right and wrong and to be able to foresee the consequences of his acts. Sex, boys and girls do not differ in morality as a result of native factors. On the other hand, culture does not expect the same behaviour pattern of girls that it expects from boys. Girls tell more lies of a social type. Boys misbehave more in school and at home (Siruno, 2005).

The American System of Government

Chapter 4 We the People Dividing Power The Ameri corporation System of Government The Basics Americans take aim distrusted any concentration of political power eer since its nameing American form of government was written down in a organic law o1787, after thirteen colonies gained independence from Great Britain Tyranny of world power George III the Americans wanted to imbibe sure no person was on the wholeowed to have too much power Representative country Elected examples who could be on a regular basis shifted egress oPower rested with the people Federal system oIndividual distinguishs which give only certain specific powers to a central government oFederalism The separation of powers oDivided the power into trio oNo unity is too powerful Federalism The federal government can only do what it has specific every last(predicate)y been given the power to do in the Constitution oDelegated powers by the states Reserved powers ar for the states and the people o solid grou nd rights The states gave the federal government power over the following areas oForeign affairs (treaties and relations with other countries) oDefense (defending the nation and declaring war) oMonetary policy oTrade (among states, mingled with states and government, between the nation and other countries) Separation of powers Breaking power into tether oThe Executive (the death chair) oThe Legislative (Congress) oThe Judicial (Supreme Court) Main idea power could never be unite under one man oThreaten people and democracy The Founding Fathers created the system of checks and balances oEach of the branches can limit the power of both The Congress legislative powers Two retch up the Ho engagement of Representatives and the Senate The smaller states were afraid of being controlled of the whoppingr states The heel of representatives each state got in the House of Representatives was based on the population of the state In the Senate, each state was given two representatives no matter how small or large Congress has the power to Pass laws (legislation) oLevy taxes oDecide how federal notes is employ No one in the federal government gets paid no liaison gets funded unless Congress has passed a bill approving the use of capital Members of the House of Representatives Congressmen o435 members, all its members are elected every two years (democratic) Members of the Senate Senators o100 members, two from each state, elected for six years of the time (stable) Checks on Congress oThe President can veto a bill by refusing to sign it The Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional The President executive powers The President is Head of State and represents the people of the US at home and abroad The President is Chief Executive oHeads all federal organizations, has a cabinet with political advisors The President is Commander-in-Chief oHe is oral sex of the armed forces of the only superpower in the world. Only Congress can declare war, but the Preside nt can ask Congress for the power to use necessary force The President is Chief Diplomat Decides foreign and defense policy, ap headers ambassadors, sets up embassies and negotiates treaties (only become law if two-thirds of the Senate approves) The power of the President has increased since 1787, he leads three million people who work for this branch of the government Checks on the President oThe Supreme Court can declare his actions unconstitutional oCongress can change or refuse to pass the legislation suggested by him oCongress can override a presidential veto with a two-third majority oCongress and Supreme Court can arraign the President (remove him) The Supreme Court judicial powers Highest court in the land, all courts m ancientiness accept its interpretation of the law States have their own laws and their own authoritative courts, but if there is a conflict, the federal law overrides the state law (to make sure the law is applied the same(p) way everywhere) Decides what laws are in compliance and what laws are unconstitutional A law that is unconstitutional is null and void, no longer valid Nine members of the Supreme Court oNine to make sure it cant split evenly oJustices are appointed for life Checks on the Supreme Court oCongress can change the Constitution Congress and the Supreme Court can impeach a Supreme Court Justice Checks and balances in action Every year the President must submit a bill for federal budget to Congress Congress never passes it as it is, both the House and the Senate make changes If president gets a majority, he may then accept a compromise. He can refuse to sign the bill, and send it back to the Congress, both must a compromise Appointing a Supreme Court Justice When a justice dies, the President nominates a judge to fill the seat Since the President can choose someone he finds beneficial for the job, he Senate must first approve ratify the choice before the President can appoint a nominee If it does not, the President m ust find someone else (checks and balances) Separation of powers advantages and disadvantages It has worked as intended It has kept government under democratic control When Richard Nixon broke the law (Watergate scandal) he was forced from emplacement On the other hand, when the President is a Democrat and Congress has a majority of Republicans (or vice versa), the division of powers can paralyze the political system slightly say it wouldve been better with a parliamentary democracy (the Congress chooses the President).In that way, the budget would always pass in congress However, this would give the President a hand out to a greater extent power State government American states are real states oThey make their own laws, collect their own taxes, have their own welfare systems, constabulary forces, educational systems and so on Most governing goes on at the state and local levels Any American is bound to respect federal law, state law and local city and county law Most states us e the federal government as a model for their state government oAll have a written constitution All practice the separation of powers into three branches The executive branch is headed by a Governor The legislative branch is divided into two chambers (except Nebraska) All states have a state supreme court and separate court systems The 50 states are all unlike, and are looked at as 50 laboratories of democracy, which means that they come with new solutions to new and old problems The US is proud to have an extremely large degree of local democracy and variationAdvantages and disadvantages Local democracy source of strength and innovation, but hard to govern E. g. the school system. The President and Congress can have an opinion on what is outstrip for the school systems, but they cant order the states to adopt these measures, because education is a state right and not a federal responsibility manakin inequality. Some states are rich, some are poor political Parties in the United States The electoral system There are two basic things to grasp in mind about the electoral system in America oAll federal and state elections are in single-seat election districts Only one representative from each district will be elected oA medical prognosis can win an election with either a majority of votes, or a the great unwashed of votes The winner is candidate C, because that candidate has a plurality of votes. The winner takes it all. The other votes are wasted. 85306 If A and B goes together and supports one candidate, that candidate could easily win with 60% of the votes Problems finding someone they both support The US only has two parties The Democrats and the Republicans. Both are giant coalitions of wildly contrasting political groups. Shooting for the center Both parties are coalitions neither party presents a very clear political profile A clear political theory would send away some interest groups, weakening the party Both parties are vague about what they s tand for No one wants to come out with strong ideological statements that might scare away any voters, because to win you have to win the votes of the electorate, which basically is divided into twoThe Democratic Party (donkey) Supports stronger federal authority, much liberal, willing to use government in the service of the people at the expense of states rights Wants to involve the federal government in shaping American order (more than the Republicans), reducing the gap between rich/poor Support welfare programs more strongly than Republicans Taxes are a resource that can be sagely used Have support in large cities and states on the coasts The Republican Party (GOP, the elephant) More conservative party, support state rights and resist a large role for the federal government Wants to give a great deal of free play to market scrimping and are opposed to government regulations of the economy Lower level of taxation Every-man-for-himself tradition, are suspicious of welfare syst ems Have support in the Midwest and the south and among businesspeople Democrats and Republicans Some Democrats are more conservative than Republicans and some Republicans are more liberal than Democrats. Different histories and tradition Serious political consequences the Republicans have grown more powerful because conservative southerners have left the democrats Advantages and disadvantages of a two-party system Gives a stable foundation to build on Forces the parties to look for voter support from the center of American politics, encourage moderation, an agreement, a consensus The two-party system helps create such broad agreement Wastes votes of millions who vote for candidates who are not elected oUndermines democracy No directions other than track the country Blocks new ideas and movements (they are drawn into the coalitions) Interest Groups and Lobbyists Joining or supporting a political party is not the only way to set the political process in America A more direct rout e INTEREST GROUPS oPolitical organizations which seek to influence government policy about one specific issue or related set of issues oCompromise without being part of one of the great party coalitions oCan be more straightforward, aggressive and ideological PACs Political Action Committee Organized specifically to elect (or defeat) politicians or to promote legislation Collects contributions and use them to support or oppose candidates oHard money goes directly to the candidates oSoft money pays for campaigns in various ways Lobbyists Interest groups make use of lobbyists who try to persuade individual politicians to support the interests they represent. They have recently become more active agent (16 00034000) Can be done in many ways Taking them out for dinner, paying their way to conferences and seminars, finding jobs for their relatives and so on Lobbyists are found near the centers of power.Spent 2. 4 billion in 2005 Advantages and disadvantages Make the citizens politica lly active They show that the rights of freedom of speech and freedom of assembly are being put to good use Some worry about the increasing role of interest groups oWeakened political parties? oSplits the electorate up in warring groups? Another reason for furbish up is the skyrocketing expense of getting elected Senate campaigns costs minimum 3 million dollars, rising to 10 million in big states House of Representatives 1 million dollars every two years oA great deal of the money comes from lobbyistsElecting a President To major stages in the election process oDeciding nominees for candidates for President and Vice President oElecting President and Vice President Primaries winner field of study convention nominating address Vice President/platform campaign election (people) election (electoral college) President The nomination race Exhausting process January June Primaries are held in most states oChoosing a party nominee Earlier they were chosen by state party conventio ns non good, because they ended up being controlled by a party elite Decided to choose nominees by a special state-wide election Protects the public from the leaders of its own political parties Primaries are held at different times in different states and often with different rules Each party emerges with a man or a woman as winner in each of the states holding a primary oWinner is the states delegates at the partys national convention As the primaries proceed, the number of persons running for the nomination is gradually reduced to two or three per party Failure losing support Succeed impetus and fresh funding Earlier the primary season was longer, and that gave relatively unknown candidates the chance to gain support oExample Jimmy Carter Recently, primaries are held earlier and earlier oNo point in holding a state primary after other primary elections have already determined which candidate has a majority of delegates at the national party convention Held as early as possibl e, on the same day in several states This favors well-known candidates with a lot of money who can campaign in several states Ironically, the money comes from powerful special interests, forces primaries were created to avoid Tickets and platforms Late August/early September, a national convention is held in a major city A party chooses its final candidate for President Used to be an exciting event (unknown who would become candidate) These days, the results are almost always already decided from the primaries The nomination is ritual, with balloons and speeches and cheering crowds However, a good deal of interest is still connected to the choosing of a party slate and the creation of a party platform. The party ticket is the team of candidates running for President and Vice President The choice of Vice President is up to the President Often a secret until the presidential nomination is accepted A BALANCED TICKET, to reach a broad section of the electorate oCandidate from South, ot her one from North/West oCandidate is woman, other one is a man oCandidate is conservative, other one is liberal oCandidate is inexperienced, other one is a seasoned politician or statesman All interests cant be balanced in two people, but an effort is made Once the ticket is clear, the two sit around down with the party leadership and write a party platform oThe team will run for election Party platform closest thing to an ideological statement It consists of political statements or promises which together make the partys political program They differ from year to year and election to election, addresses the different issues of the day and incorporate with new political trends They want to meet the expectations of as wide a group of voters as possible oFuzzy and broad, both parties promise the same thingsThe election and the electoral College Finally there is the actual election Serious campaigning starts in September and lasts until voting day, the first Tuesday in November The candidates travel all over the country, speaks at meetings, takes part in official debates, appears on TV, gaining recommendations from important people, TV-ads, press releases, e-mails, books, pamphlets and etc Expensive, in 1996 it amounted together 448. million dollars. In 2008 it doubled to over 1 billion dollars, 500 million dollars on each. The President and Vice President are not elected directly by the popular vote They are elected indirectly by a majority of the electoral votes cast by the nations fifty states system The 41 days comes from the old days (1787), when it was a lot harder to travel around. Most people didnt know who the candidates were, but they trusted someone in town.Votes were cast for these men as electors from each state. They assembled, discussed the candidates, and sent their decision to Washington D. C. The candidate who had won a majority of the popular vote in a state got all the electoral votes in the state (Winner takes it all) The Electoral College Each state is given a number of electors equal to its presentation in Congress oTwo Senators + a varied number of Congress man D. C. , which belongs to no state has three electors The number of electoral votes is equal to o435 congressmen o100 senators o3 from the District of Columbia 538 electoral votes To win the Presidential election a candidate must have a majority of these votes, that is 269+1 = 270 votes. It is possible for a President to be elected with a majority of the votes in the Electoral College while having a minority of the popular vote nationwide. oSmall states are over-represented in the Electoral College

Monopoly questions and answers Essay

In a monopoly, and at the expense of supply in the market one and only(a) entity to control and study, and the degree of the price offered and the control exercised by the institution or individual is greater. Predatory pricing. This feature of the advantages of a monopoly consumers. These are short term market gains when prices dropped to meet the demand of rare product. Suppliers and consumers directly benefit from an attempt to monopolize the company to increase the sale of business marketing.Price flexibility With regard to the demand for the product or service offered by the company monopoly or individual, and is dictated by the price elasticity of the ratio of the absolute value of the increase in prices and demand in the market. Lack of creativity At the expense of absolute control of the market, and monopolies display a tendency to lose efficiency over a period of time. With one product lifetime, and innovative design and marketing techniques rear seat. Lack of competition .When the market was designed to serve the monopoly and the lack of commercial competition or the lack of goods and viable products shrinking the scope of perfect competition. 2-How monopoly arises Monopoly arises in a variety of circumstances there are lineaments of goods and a service does not postulate by its nature, or not in the public interest to multiple producers, its called congenital monopolies, for example to provide the city with water, electricity, or the trains running surrounded by two countries.Often assume the state or municipal authorities to manage these services, or to grant a concession to a private company, radical to strict control. Monopoly may arise in an industry, the growth of a project, and it seized on new(prenominal) projects. Or as a result of grab or ruffle of small projects in the large-scale project, Monopoly May arise due to agreement between the projects owners in a particular industry to determine the price, or sort out markets among the mselves, known as (cartel), and in this case there are a number of producers, such agreement among them makes them a monopoly power.Most of the countries have been working on the subject of monopolies control. 3-How we can regulate the monopoly Pricing at peripheral cost Economists have for many decades argued the benefits of setting public utility tariffs on the basis of marginal cost. This view is expressed in many classic economic texts on regulation. Price discrimination One common objection to marginal-cost pricing is that, in the social movement of economies of scale, a simple linear price equal to marginal cost would not allow the regulated firm to re keep sufficient revenue to cover its total costs.Ramsey pricing In those cases where the regulator is unable to set the marginal price for each service equal to its marginal cost, economic theory pipe down places central accent mark on reducing the deadweight loss. Incremental cost The deadweight-loss hypothesis has a hard t ime explaining why regulators fail to pursue policies which are high-octane under the conventional economic theory, such as Ramsey pricing. Price / service stability.Another puzzle for the conventional economic approach to regulation is the heavy emphasis on price stability. There is a sizeable amount of evidence that price and service stability is one of the primary concerns of regulators. Alternative regulation To march on the productive efficiency of the monopolist. To eliminate the incentive to waste resources seeking to obtain a position of monopoly. To protect the sunk investment of the monopolist 4-Give some examples of monopoly type of monopolyThe main characteristicexamples.NaturalAccess to rare and not easily reproducible elements of occupationMonopolies operating in the sphere of production is mineral deposits of strategic importance for the national economy technologicalFeature production in this technology is not enough consumer demand to support many competitive firmsEnterprise for the production of specific goods, such as infrastructure for the operation of natural monopolies.GeographicCompetition due to the non-rationality of the territorial limited due to the effect of geographic barriersPublic transport companies infrastructureInfrastructure network a network that supply products between distant from each other (both in space and in time), economic agentsBackbone enterprises in energy, rail transport , heat, gas and water supply patentUsing a unique patented technologyNatural monopolies are producing high-tech products, such as medicine StateMarkets related to the exclusive jurisdiction of the stateDefense, aeronautics administrative commandOperating in a command systemNatural monopolies in the administrative-command system.

Dystopian High Rise

Dystopian noble Rise The novel High Rise written by J. G. Ballard focuses on a massive forty story flatbed building that houses thousands of people. Anthony Royal, who is the architect of the apartment, designed the building with shops, a school, smooth pools, and enough space to accommodate an overwhelming amount of people. Ballard does not write the plot of High Rise in an attempt to illustrate the urban possibilities of modern innovations or future novelties of our evolving world. Ballard expresses how a newly designed building that seems as though it is a well thought out idea of a safe haven can turn into a dystopian underworld.A dystopian society is the idea of a community of people that live in miserable conditions of life, characterized by disease, pollution, oppression, war, violence, poverty, and the socio-economic classism of systematic discrimination based on sex, age, or IQ. The tower in the novel houses the mass of a dystopia through the fictional characters depict ed, and how the building is the agent that pushes the society within to turn into a felonious world. Through the eyes of medical school subscriber Dr. Robert Laing, we see how minor altercations between floors quickly escalate into anarchy, harsh violence, rape, and murder.Laing is eventually dragged into the lifestyle of the tower. Since everything for essential living is located within the tower, such as shops and swimming pools, Dr. Laing has no need to leave the building other than going to work. This entrapment in the building of many residents is the cause of this anarchic activity. The building is a small plumb city (Ballard 15). Within the introduction of the novel, Laing states, that even being two miles from the city, the building that he resides in feels as if the tower were in a opposite world, in time and as well as space (Ballard 15).The high-rise in turn becomes an alternate world separating the people living inside from the real city giving them the higher chance s of confrontation. What we perceive as development through the creation of a structure that can work independently for the common wellness of society, comes with a price to pay. With all social classism in the world, the High Rise becomes a part of the dreadful tradition. Ballards dystopia is divided into three classes upper, middle, and lower class. The upper portion, floors 36 to 40, of the building is where the upper class resides in, this includes the architect Anthony Royal.The middle class subdivision, Where Dr. Laing lives, is located from the 10th floor to the thirty-fifth floor, from the 10th floor swimming pool to the 35th floor restaurant deck. The swimming pool on floor 10 clearly formed the boundary for everyone under that floor, the lower class residents. The lower class is subjected to faulty maintenance where they go for days without electricity and air conditioning. The residents soon find themselves in a Lord of the Flies state of emergency where the different cla sses and levels of the tower are at war. Works Cited Ballard, J. G. High Rise. New York Liveright, 2012. Print.

Reflective account on End-Of-Life Essay

Last year 23 September 2012. I had a resident c wholeed Mrs X she was a 72year-old widowed living at , a Nursing Care Home. Shes non a religious type of person as she was Atheist. She has lived in the home maculation for the past two years, and during that time I was assigned as her key worker. Mrs X had One Son and 3 grand daughters they are all regular put downors to the home. She has recently been diagnosed with renal failure, and her keep expectancy is only a couple of months with place dialysis. In the past Mrs X has made it clear that when her time come ons she wants to be able to stay at Belmont House, and go quietly. She has stated that she does not want any treatment that will prolong her life. This means she has chosen not to accept dialysis. A planning meeting, involving Mrs X, her family and health and social bid workers has taken place, and a share and support plan has been put in place to aid Mrs X to live comfortably at Belmont House.This has included a discus sion, led by Mrs X, some her wishes. She has made it clear that she does not want any medical intervention to prolong her life, and this has been recorded in an advance care plan. Mrs Xs 3 granddaughters are supportive but her son stop has difficulty accepting the decision, however he realised its her mums decision and to respect her mums wishes. As well as input from her GP, Mrs X will be receiving regular support from specialist nurses to manage her symptoms and keep her comfortable. Day-to-day care and support will continue to be provided by the care workers. Mrs Xs granddaughters and Mark will spend time with their Mother each day. This was the first time since I began working at the Palliative care unit that I had been closely involved with some unmatched who is dying, and I was upset and anxious about caring properly for Mrs X. My line manager was responsible for ensuring that I am properly trained and supported so that Mrs Xs needs and the needs of her family are properly a ddressed.In our discussion with my line manager, I was chatted about my concerns, my feelings, and what I seen as the gaps in my expertise. Mrs X is becoming very tired, spending more time resting. Her spit out is very fragile and the risk of skin breakdown has increased significantly. I was experienced and qualified care worker, but I and my colleagues need to be highly skilled in managing Mrs Xs skin so that it does not break down causing her addition distress. I was given by an additional training in this area so I feel confident and able to take proper care of Mrs Xs skin. My line manager always works alongside with me on demonstrated good skin care. This gave her opportunity to observe me, and to demonstrate best practice. She also talked to the nurse specialists, to find out if there are any position creams or equipment that will benefit Mrs X, or if they have any other advice.My manager given me also a day course for End of life and supporting people to live and die well in stantly so I managed to share to Mrs X situation and condition and it works. One day she talked to me about her pass. She said when she was youth she had a puppy and 2years later the dog was died. Shes devastated and dont know how to deal with it until a day she found out she has terminal ill. I found her one day she cried. I came to the situation of sadness and tearful however I kept in myself, and tried to authorization and showed my professional experience in dealing with it. I talked to her and cheered her up. I asked how was she spent time with her puppy? She smiled and said, lots of time she was enjoy with puppy walking to the handle together, when puppy was tired she open her tongue out and sit and very quiet. Shes smiled when shes telling all about her puppys story. So I came to the point to ask her family. Shes quiet for a while, and then she said my family just came to visit me when I arrived here except my oldest granddaughter.They never visit me when I was at my home. I was interested to listen until she said, one day Im gone no one stay at my home except my oldest granddaughter. I was surprised which I known every time I saw her family came visited her they are smiled and very chatty to the staff. I went to the staff office and I recorded to the care plan and then I reported to my line manager the story. It was my day off when she passed away. My colleague texted me and I rushed to come and see her before the under taker take her away. I was devastated however I managed to talk to her family and offered their drinks and other basics they needs. Her family appreciated my time and hospitality.Until then, I was very aware(predicate) and to look after well with the people dying. And also the relatives concerns and wishes. Sometimes, it wasnt easy to talk about end of life issues but its important to do. presently that weve put our affairs in order and talked about what we want, we can put that in a box as it were, and get on with living one day a t a time, cherishing each day together, as I know its going to endone day

Student: Internal Control and Battery Operated Pocket

1. ACCOUNTANCY AND BUSINESS STASTICS Part-I THEORY & PRACTICE OF AUDITING Min. Pass label 36 3 Hrs. age Max. mark coulomb Section-A 1. inspecting Meaning, Objects, Fraud, errors al-Quran-keeping, Accounting and Auditing salmagundi of audits Planning and procedure of audit Audit programmes Auditors working papers, Test tone downing Routine checking. 2. Internal control meaning, objective and evaluation of intrinsic control internal check and internal audit Internal control regarding gross revenue, purchases, assets, liabilities and salaries and wages vouching. . Verification and valuation of assets and liabilities Rules laid down in Kingston Cotton Mills Co. Ltd. (1896) Irish woollen Co. Ltd. (1901) Westminister Road Construction & Engineering Ltd. (1941) and Thomas Gerard and Sons Ltd. (1967). Section-B 1. Audit of sole proprietorship and partnership concerns. Educational institutions, Cinemas, Clubs and Hospitals. 2.Audit of joint line of descent companies Appointm ent, removal and remuneration of company hearer Audit of share capital, debentures and mangerial remuneration, Audit for the purpose of Statutory Report and Prospectus Audit of Government Companies with reference to Section 619 to the companies Act, 1956. Section-C 1. Rights, duties and liabilities of an auditor and Rules laid down in London and General Bank Case (1895) Hedley yrne and Co. Ltd. v/s Heller and Partners Ltd. (1863) CIT v/s G. M. Dandekar (1952) Anupam Roy v/s P. K. Mukherjee (1956). 2. Divisible profits including audit of reserves and Provisions. 3.Audit Reports and Audit Certificates. 4. Investigation Meaning, objecgtives procedure Investiation on behalf of perspective purchaser of business, banker and prospective investor. 5. Cost Audit Meaning, Nature, Objective, Scope and types of embody audit. Book Recommended 1. B. N. Tondon ANKEKSHAN 2. T. R Sharma ANKEKSHAN 3. S. M. Shukla ANKEKSHAN 4. Jain, KhandelwalANKEKSHAN 5. Spicer & Paglar Practical Auditing (Indi an Ed. ) 6. De Paula Principles of Auditing 7. J. Lancaster Princies and Practice of Auditing. 8. R. G. Williams Elements of Auditing. 9. Mautz and Sharaf Philosophy of Auditing. 0. Ronald I. Irish Auditing. 11. Jagdish Prakash Auditing. 12. Krinadwala & Krishnadwala Auditing. Paper-II OPTIONAL PAPER (ANY ONE TO BE OFFERED) Paper-II (1) MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Min. Pass Marks 36 3 hrs. duration Max. marks one hundred Section-A 1. Introduction Meaning of heed accounting, conventions of management accounting, organisation of management accounting, functions, responsibilities and qualities of a management accountant, management accounting Vs. traditional accounting, limitations of management accounting. 2. Capital social organization Determinants of capital structure, optimum capital tructure. Basic theory capital structure. 3. Operating and financial leverage. 4. Working Capital Concept, factors affecting working capital requirements, ascertainment of working caipital r equirements, salient features of Tandon Commitee and Chore Commitee reports. Section-B 5. Financial Analysis Meaning, nature and importance of financial statements, techniques of financial compendium comparative statements, common size statements, trend analysis, limitations of financial statements analysis. 6. unsophisticated proportion Analysis. 7. Cash flow and fund flow Analysis. Section-C 8. Cost of Capital. 9.Capital expenditure decisions, Pay-back period, return on investment, discounted cash flow. 10. Responsibility accounting. 11. Reporting to management. cite The candidate shall be permitted to practise barrage operated scoopful calculator that should not corroborate more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless. Books Recommended 1. Hingorani, Ramnathan and Grewal anxiety Accounting. 2. Man Moha & Goyal Management Accounting. 3. N. K. Kulshreshtha surmise and Practice of Management Accountancy. 4. P. K. Ghosh Managem ent Accountancy. 5. S. K. Chakraborty Management Accountancy. . N. M. Khandelwal PRABAMDH LEKHANKAN 7. Agrawal & Agrawal Management Accountancy (Hindi) 8. S. P. Gupta Management Accountancy (Hindi) 9. J. Batty Management Accountancy. 10. Anthony R. N. Management Accountancy Principles. 11. De-Paula Managemetn Accountancy Practice. 12. Murphy, M. E. Managerial Accounting. 13. M. R. Khandelwal PRABANDH LEKHANKAN Paper-II (2) go on COST ACCOUNTING Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. marks 100 Section-A 1. Review of Cost Accounting as information clay Concept of equals, Types of costs Installation of a Costing System. 2.Cost keep in line as distinct from cost determination Control over Wastage, scrap, spoilage and defective. 3. By-product and common product cost including equivalent units. 4. Cost control Accounts and Integral Accounts. Section-B 5. Marginal Costing Stock valuation at a lower place marginal costing Absorption costing curve, linear, break even analys is, Break even charts Differential cost analysis. 6. Cost analysis for management decision making like-Make or Buy own or lease repair or replace now or later sale of scrap or retain shut down or stay put expand or contract dropping or adding a product suitable product mix. . Pricing decision in special circumstances, like sales below cost, export pricing, dumping and inflation. Section-C 8. Standard Costing General Principles setting of standard costs variance analysis cost profit and sales variances, initiation of variances. 9. Uniform Costing and Inter firm comparison. 10. Cost Reduction Meanig Techniques Principles and Procedure Treatment of research and development costs. Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless.Book Recommended 1. Maheshwari and Mittal LAAGAT LEKHANKAN SIDDHANT ANVUM VYAVHAAR 2. Prasad, N. K. Principles and Pr actice of Cost Accounting. 3. Bhar, B. K. Cost Accounting Methods & Problems. 4. Saxena and Vashistha move on cost Accounts. 5. Ashish K. Bhattacharaya Principles and Practice of Cost Accounting. 6. Horngren Cost Accounting A Managerial Approach. 7. Jain, Narang move Cost-Accounting. 8. Matz, Curry and Frank Cost Accounting. 9. Shliling and Zordon Cost Accounting Analysis and Control. 10. Nigam , B. M. L. , Sharma Advanced Cost Accounting. 11.Backer and Jacobson Cost Accounting. 12. Oswal, Bidawat, Mangal LAAGAT VISHLESHAN ANVUM LAAGAT NIYANTRAN Paper-II (3) COST AND MANAGEMENT AUDIT Min. Pass Marks 36 3 hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 1. Cost Audit Nature, objects and place setting cost audit leading to other services cost audit and financial audit. 2. Cost auditor Qualifications, appointment and engagement rights, duties and responsibilities professional and legal under companies Act, 1956 and Cost and Works Accountants Act, 1959 relationship between st atutory financial auditor, cost auditor and internal auditor. 3.Professional ethics and misconduct special penal provision for cost auditors. Section-B 4. Preparation of the cost audit programme evaluation of internal control system including material inventrory, capacity utilization management information system and internal audit. 5. Preparation and verification of cost records cost Accounting Re cords Rules u/s 209 (a) (d) of the companies Act, 1956 (only general knowledge is required) Use of statistical sampling methods. 6. The cost audit reports Contents of reports as per Cost Audit Records Rules u/s (b) of the Companies Act, 1956 Review of cost audit reports by Government.Section-C 7. Management audit, Meaning, nature and scope, qualities of a management auditor, concept of efficiency audit, proprietary audit and operational audit. 8. Specific areas of management audit involving review of internal control, review of purchasing control, review of selling and distribution poli cies and programmes, review of manufacturing operations. 9. Corportate social audit concept, dimenloy and technique. Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calcualtor that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless.Books Recommended 1. Management Audit. 2. Choudhary D. Management Audit and Cost Audit 3. Ramanathan Cost and Mangement Audit 4. Cona W. L. Management Audit 5. Tikhe J. G. Cost Audit and Management Audit 6. Rose T. G. Cost Audit and Management Audit 7. Kamal Gupta Contemporary Audit Paper-II (4) BUSINESS STATISTICS Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. marks 100 Section-A 1. Analysis of time series Meaning, components of time series, methdos of measuring trend, seasonal variations and irregular fluctuations. 2.Interpolation and Extrapolation Meaning, Nilwons method of Advancing difference, Binomial and Lagsargs method. Section-B 3. Association of attributes. 4. Theory of prob ability Elementary problems ground on permutations and combinations, additive and mutiplicative rules. 5. Probability distributions Binomial, Poisson and Normal distribution. Section-C 6. Sampling Meaning, Sample of attributes and variables, Test of significance, large samples and small samples, t-test, F-test and chisquare test. 7. Analysis of variance One counsel and two way classification, design of experiments. 8. Statistical quality control.Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless. Book Recommended 1. 2. 3. 4. Mathur, Khandelwal, Gupta VYAVSAAYIK SAANKHIYAKI NAAGAR SAANKHIYAKI KE SIDDHANT S. P. Gupta Statistical Methods. Sancheti & Kapoor Statistical Methods. Optional Paper-II (5) COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ACCOUNTING Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 1. Introduction of Computers and automated data processing, development of data processors, types of computers, hardware and software. . Binary code system binary arithmetic, words, bytes and bits, introduction to other number system (octal and hexadecimal), computer languages. 3. Introduction to flow charts, flow diagram importance, symbols and their application. Section-B 4. Introduction to BASIC language characteristics, contants, variables and expressions, READ, PRINT, AND DATA statements. CONTROL statements. 5. computer programing in BASIC language-simple programmes. 6. Business applications Payroll, iventory control, financial accouting and electronic data processing audit. Section-C 7. Introduction to COBOL language- Histroy of COBOL coding format.Structure of a COBOL program, character set, COBOL words, data names and identifiers, laterals, four divisions of COBOL. 8. Procedure, division and basic verb-More, arithmetic verbs, sequence control verbs, input and output verbs, qualified verb. 9. Writing simple COBOL progr ammes. Note 1. There will be three hours of theory and three hours of computer lab work per week. 2. The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless. Books Recommended 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Fundamentals of Computers V.Rajaraman Programming in COBOL Schaum serial publication Principles of Auditing Tandon Selecting the Computer System Chorafas System Analysis & Data Processing Subramaniam and Menon Computer Data Processing Gordon B. Davis Computer and Common Sense Roger Hund and John Shelly Machine government An Introduction to the Pflager P. C. Structure and Programming (New York Wiley, 1982) of Computer Systems 9. Fundamentals of Data Structures Herowitz E. Sahnaj Co. Computer Science Press, 1978 10. Computer Hardare and Organisation Solam M. E. 11. Fundamental Concept of Programming System Allaman J. D. 12.COBOL Programming M. K. Roy and D. Ghosh 13. Computer Programming in COBOL V. Rajaraman 14. D. O. S. and 6. 2 Companion Satish Jain Optional Paper-II (6) TAXATION LAW AND PRACTICE Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Section-A Wealth valuate Act and Rules Max. Marks 100 1. Definitions Charge of wealthiness tax and assets subject to such charges exemptions valuation of assets, computation of net wealth and wealth tax. 2. Procedure of judging Liability to assessment in special cases appeals revision and reference, payment and recovery of wealth tax. refunds. Section B Central Sales Tax and Rules 3.Definitions Liability of tax on inter-state sales, rates of tax, determination of taxable turnover and sales tax, declaration forms. 4. Registration of dealers declared goods and restrictions and conditions on sales of such goods levy and collection of tax penalities appeals. Section C Rajasthan Sales Tax Act and Rules 5. Definitions incidence of taxtation exemptions and concessions registration of dealers co mputation of taxable turnover and sales tax. 6. Procedure of assessment liability to assessment in special cases payment and recovery of tax offences, penalties and prosecutions appeals and revisions.Note 1. There will be three hours of theory and three hours of computer lab work per week. 2. The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 me mories and should be noiseless and cordless. Books Recommended 3. 4. 5. 6. Chawala and Gupta DHAKAR ANVUM UPHAAR KAR Bhagwati Prasad Wealth Tax and Gift Tax Mehrotra & Goyal Wealth Tax and Gift Tax Chawala, GUpta and Naahar KENDRIYA ANVUM RAJASTHAN BIKRIKAR 7. Patel and Chaudhary DHANKAR, UPHAAAR KAR ANVUM NIGAM KAR 8. Patel and Chaudhary VIKRAY KAR 9. V. K.Singhania Direct Taxes Paper-I (7) ADVANCED FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 10. Alteration of share capital and internal reconstruction (excluding fr aming of schemes). 11. Amalgamation, absorption and external reconstruction of companies (exclusing framing of schemes). 12. colonisation of companies. Section-B 13. Accounts of Holiding companies. Preparation of consolidated fin ancial statements (Excluding inter-company holdings). 14. Accounts of banking companies and general insurance companies. 15. Double accounts system (including accoutns of Electrictiy companies).Section-C 16. Trends in published accounts. 17. Valuation of inventories AS-2 18. Accounting for agricultural farms and hotels. 19. Indian accounting standards 6 to 12. Note 20. There will be three hours of theory and three hours of computer lab work per week. 21. The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless. Books Recommended 22. Publications of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. i. Trends in Published Accounts. ii. Indian Accounting Standards 1 to 12 23. Pickless Accountancy 24. Spicer and Peglar Book-Keeping and Accounts 25. Shukla M. C. & Grewal T. S. Advanced Accounting. 26. H. Chakravarty Advanced Accountancy. 27. R. L. Gupta Advanced Accountancy, Vol-II 28. Jain & Narang Advanced Accounts. 29. Monga, Sehgal, Ahuja Advanced Accounts, Vol-II 30. Jain, Khandelwal, Pareek Advanced Accounts Paper-II (8) OPERATION RESEARCH Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 31. Introduction Quantitative techniques and operation research, methodology and models of O. R. 32.Linear Programming concept, formulation, graphical solution, primal and dual simplex method. 33. Transportation model, assignment models. Section-B 34. play theory 35. Waiting line models. 36. Simulation Section-C 37. Inventory control techniqes. 38. Network analysis, PERT & CPM, including time-cost trade off. 39. Quantitative decision models decision making under certainty, precariousness and Risk expect ed value of perfect information, decision tree. Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calcul ator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless.Book Recommended 40. Mathur, Khandelwal, Gupta PARINATMAK PRAVIDHIYAAN 41. C. R. Kothari, Vikas Quantitative Techniques 42. Bonieni, Bierman Quantitative Methods 43. Kanti Swaroop Statistical Analysis and Quantitative & Other Techniques. 44. Gupta and Gupta Operations look. 45. Ghokaru-Saini SANKRIYA VIGYAN 46. C. R. Kothari Operations Research 47. P. K. Gupta & D. S. Hira C. W. Operation Research 48. Churchaman, R. L. Ackoff & Asnoff Introduction to Operations Research 49. Mathur, Khandelwal, Gupta, Gupta Sankriya Vigyan Paper-II (9) BUSINESS MATHEMATICS Min.Pass marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 50. Arithmetic, geometric and harmonic progressions compound touch on and annuities. 51. Permutations and combinations binomina l theorem for positive integral index only. 52. Graphs and linear inequalities in two variables to determine feasible regions solution of quadratic equations relation between roots of a quadratic equation. Section-B 53. Matrics and determinants of a matrix of order upto three only useof matrices in solving simultaneous equations by matrix inversion as well as diametric reduction method and by use determinants. 4. Linear, quadratic, exponential and logrithmic functions, concepts and determination of break-even point curve fitting by the method of least square fitting of linear, quadratic, exponential and logarithmic curves. Section-C 55. Elements of trignometry (to enable a student to learn Integral Calculus with aid to Trigonometric Rations). Trigonometric Ratios and angles associated with a given angle, addition formulae, multiple and submultiple angles variety of sums into products and vice-versa definiton of inverse circular function. 56.Elements of differentation, simple ap plication of differential coefficients, maxima and minima of unvariate functions rules of integration for indefinite and definite integrates, simple application of integration to calculus accounting and business problems. Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memories and should be noiseless and cordless. Book Recommended 57. Sancheti and Kapoor Business Mathemtaics. 58. Mehta and Madani Basic Mathematics for Commerce. 59. S. Saha Business Mathematics. 60.Brijesh Gupta VYAVSAAYIK GANIT Paper-II (10) STOCK MARKET AND SECURITY ANALYSIS Min. Pass Marks 36 3 Hrs. duration Max. Marks 100 Section-A 61. Introduction Meaning, nature and importance of stock market origin and development of stock market in India organisation of stock market in India. 62. run of stock market. Transactions of business aspect and forward, speculations and classes of speculations margin trading options hedging, arbitrating procedure of transfer of shares and bonds blank transfer. 63. Stock market regulations Membership maintenance and audit of their books of account.Securities and step in Board of India its function and control, protections of small investors. Section-B 64. Stock exchanges and new issue market mechanism of floating new issuesl listing of securities, underwritng of securities. 65. Types of securities. Fixed and variable, return securities. Equity shares. Debentures convertrible and non-convertible debentures, warrants, stock options, Government securities. 66. Concept of valuation Present value. Internal Rate of Return. Holding period yield. 67. Analysis of risk an dreturn on securities. Section-C 68. Fundamental analysis economic analysis company analysis financial and on-financial factors. 69. Technical analysis. 70. Introduction to market efficiency. Note The candidate shall be permitted to use battery operated pocket calculator that should not have more than 12 digits, 6 functions and 2 memo ries and should be noiseless and cordless. Book Recommended 71. Grahum and Dodd Security Analysis 72. Prasanna Chandra The Investment 73. Sinha, S. L. N Investment Managemetn 74. Bhall, V. K. Investment Management 75. Preeti Singh Investment Management 76. Birston R. J. The Stock Exchange and Investment Analysis. 77. Dr. Veena Stock Market in India. 8. Gupta, U. L. Working of Stock Exchanges in India. Paper-II (11) APPLICATIONS Min. Pass Marks 36 vicenary METHODS 3 hrs. duration AND THEIR Max. Marks 100 Section-A Risk Analysis in capital Budgeting. Ration Analysis Liquidity Ratios and Profitability Ratios. Statistical Quality Control Introduction control charts for process, variable attributes, defects, etc. uses and Applications of S. Q. C. Section-B Vital Statistics. Interpolation and Extrapolation Newtons method and Newtons method of dividid differences. Analysis of tiem series including exponential smoothing.Section-C A. P. G. P. and H. P. Simple and direct problems. Probability Elementary problems based on permutations and computations. Elements of Set Theory Definition of Set and Sub-sets, number of elements in a set, ways of specifiying a set equality and sub-set unversal set and unreal set. Basic set operations, Venn Diagrams. Book Recommended 79. Statistics Sancheti & Kapoor. 80. Quantitative Techniques C. R. Kothari. 81. Business Statistics Mathur, Gupta, Khandelwal. 82. Quantitative Techniques Sharma, Jain, Pareek. 83. Oswal, Bidawat, MangalLAAGAT VISHLESHAN NIYANRAN ANVUM

Unit 6 Healthy Environment

Unit 6 Promoting a Healthy Environment for Children E1) Practiti adeptrs spate work on promoting and save a strong lifestyle and milieu by ? Allowing electric s keeprren to call for a balanced diet, this can be done by further minorren to tucker out their five-a- mean solar day. By reading books and poems that they can join into, this go bad out help peasantren to remember the greatness of having a balanced diet. By having produce and veget sufficients appropriated for the children in school, helps them to eat at least on piece a day. The nurture Fruit & Vegetable scheme is a programme that helps to increase issue & vegetable in top.This is important as each child deserves a tidy jumping in life as it may influence their health in the future. The School Fruit & Vegetable Scheme states By providing quadruple to six social class old children with an extra portion of fruit or vegetable each school day, along with a positive and enjoyable experience of eating fruit and vegetables, the scheme throw outs children to infract positive attitudes towards fruit and vegetables. (www. dh. gov. uk) ? If a child is allowed regular exercise it allows motivation of brain activity, aids the digestive system, develops bone density and maintains it and strengths the muscles.Physical activities much(prenominal) as practical training, P. E. , climbing frames and riding bikes help children to develop social skills as they be p limiting with each other. The British Heart Foundation proposes That children and junior mountain take away at least one hour of moderate activity a day. This does not oblige to be done at one time, but can be at different times during the day. As young children atomic number 18 still developing practicians should allow them to progress to a stop- bulge out approaching to exercise, when children atomic number 18 spiriting tired they should be allowed to sit down and rest for the amount of time they want before getting up an d playing again.Practitioners should encour shape up children to do exercise outside of the setting as well as inside. They could do this by joining Walk to School 2008, when the practitioners talk about this with the children they atomic number 18 able to learn about the benefits of walk of life, road safety, aw atomic number 18ness and the purlieu around them. 50% of children do not walk to school regularly and to a greater extent are being driven to and from school, by being driven children are reducing their physical activity. ?Risk assessments identify and minimise lucks, they are not created to make n environment risk free. Practitioners should encour get on with children to take risks, as long as they are managed and strongly supervised. By doing so they are promoting a healthy environment as all settings have risks, as long as these risks dont stop children from doing anything they could help to create an enabling environment. Danks and Schofield state Life if respectab le of risk, so the best way to prepare children for life is to ensure that they learn how to judge risk for themselves. (Source Danks, F. & Schofield, J (2005) Natures Playground) E2/B1)There are many different types of legislations which helps to maintain that a child has a honorable to life, development, to be healthy and in deal manner the right for children to have an education. E3/E4) Factors such as ho apply, p everywherety, breast feeding and the childs lifestyle may mend their health and well being at differing times in their lives. ?Housing affects the health of a child as it can ca consumption a lot of diseases if the house is abjectly maintained or designed the most remarkably is asthma. If a house is overcrowded it may be knockout to a childs health as diseases may be transmitted between each family member.Poverty is coupled with poor housing as if a family was to live on a low income it would be harder for them to heat the house as it would be expensive. In att achment to this home insurance would be expensive for families in poor housing as these areas would be more the likes ofly to be hit by crime. As families are living on a lower income the article of furniture may be unsafe as they havent got the money to fix or buy another one. Poor housing issues childrens social skills as the parents may timber that they dont want the childs friends around as they are ashamed of the way they are living.As a result to this the children may feel left out of discussions that are happening in their setting. Children may besides feel they are losing out as they do not have the space at home to do any extra activities, such as homework. ?Diet and exercise is important to a child as it plays a main come out in their development. Breast feeding a baby gives them the best nutritional start in life, over the months, the milks composition changes to meet the nutritional inevitably of the baby as it growing and developing.By breast feeding it lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, is associated with better cognitive development and the milk contains antibodies which means the baby is less likely to get a disease in their earliest months of life. They are less likely to develop food allergies, respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses and are less likely to become obese adults. When breastfeeding the mother and baby are able to build a wed between them, furthermore as there is no sterilising it is more hygienic. As breast milk carrys no preparation it is al shipway ready, always at the right temperature and free.Mothers who have a lower income are more likely to breast feed immediately after stomach, then bottle feed. ?Families and their communities have an effect on children, as some families like to spend there spare time playing sports and others looking after animals. As more children are staying within to play with friends on game consoles, com spewers and watching television they are not allowing themselves to physica l activity outdoors. In step-up to this if children were to play indoors, they do not have enough space to run around, as children are always reminded not to run inside and to slow down.So unless activities are carefully organised it can be hard for a larger scale activity to happen, which is why fine motor skills activities are usually crusaded indoors. If a child is living with a alone(predicate) parent who has an abusive partner, this could have an effect on the child, as the child may see the abusive behaviour and feel this is the way he/she should express towards their parent. This may affect the childs mental health as well. E5) Mealtime routines include following the parents instruction manual, as some parents may want their child to eat at sure times as it follows the routine the child has at home.Sometimes the parents may want to work with the practitioners to establish a regular mealtime routine. All children have different diets, e. g. lactose intolerant, vegetarian , gluten and wheat free diet etc, and this should all be taking into consideration. Practitioners and the childs family should talk about which foods are and are not appropriate for the child before starting the setting. Most children would prefer to use their fingers when eating, but should be presumptuousness the opportunity to develop their skills by using a spoon, fork and then a knife.These should be the child sized versions and appropriate to the childs age, level of development and culture. Children should also be encouraged to use the cutlery safely in addition to this children should go on mealtimes a pleasurable time and not feel like it is a battle zone. If children are put with other children it becomes a social experience of the eating there meal together. In the appendix, child K was observed time eating lunch, the intended learning objective was for her to use her spoon more instead of using her fingers to eat her lunch.When eating the child K behaved in a calm ma nner and followed the instructions that the practitioner had given her, when asked to use her spoon instead of her fingers. Child K was able to communicate with the practitioner in an effective way as she the practitioner to open the yogurt for her. By looking at the appendix, I can see that child K is becoming more confident when using her spoon, as she would use her fingers at certain times but then go back to using her spoon she was also able to use a child grip.At certain times when she could not use the spoon to pick up food she resulted back to her fingers. So by the end of the observation I feel like the intended learning objective was successful. Naptime routines are needed as most young children need lots of rest period. When putting children to bed it can sometimes be a challenging time. This is because the child can become stressed in addition to this it could also be a time of flyingth and security. As all children may not want to sleep, practitioners could create a r elaxed and quite rest time for them.Some children may have outgrown the need for a daytime sleep in that case there should be a restful mood created where children can do some quite activities, such as completing a jigsaw which can help the body to unwind and rest. As all children are different they may have specific requirements to help them full slumbrous such as having a comforter or a glass/bottle of hot milk. If a child id with someone that is recognisable to them they may find it easier to fall asleep, then with someone that they are not so familiar with.As seen in the appendix, children between the ages of one and four long time need an average of 10 and 14 hours sleep. As whilst asleep this is when the cells in the body and brain can repair themselves and are less vulnerable to illnesses and accidents. When the body is deprived of sleep a childs concentration, temper and ability to learn is also affected. E6) Activity 1 Activity To grow watercress (brief description) We want the children to learn that growing part of their 5-a-day can be fun. In addition to this to help them try raw foods, which they would have a hand in preparing. This links with the EYFS as in friendship and Understanding of What do we want the World (Exploration and Investigation pg 80). The early the children to learning goals for a child aged 40-60+ months are learn? ? Investigating objectives and materials by using all of their (learning intentions) senses as appropriate. ? Find out about, and identify, some features of living things, objects and events they observe. ? Look closely at similarities, differences, patterns and change. ? Ask questions about why things happen and how things work. Number of children four in class Ages of children 4 5 years old the group In the weeks before the activity we leave alone be the teaching the children about the importance of having 5-a-day and also about How impart the how plants grow. On the day of the activity, wh ich would be in the activity be morning, I would sit them on the cover and explain to them what introduced? we are going to do which is growing our own watercress. I would (What leave alone the adult explain to them that this would be done in groups of four, so if be doing?What go forth they are not chosen the first time they would be chosen the children be throughout the morning, so everyone departing have a go. A certain are doing? ) of the room will be cornered of for the activity and the children would be told that they are only allowed in this area if accompanied with an adult. How will the I and each child will have a plant pot in front of them. I will activity be demonstrate to the children what they have to do while developed? encouraging the children to follow my actions i. e. putting soil in (What will the adult the plant pot the pushing the seeds into the soil and after be doing?What will watering the plant. Lastly each child will take their plant pot to the the children be designated area on the window ledge, so that their plants are doing? ) able to get light. Resources Soil Watercress Seeds Water Plant pots Key vocabulary/ Grow questions How long do you think it will take for the watercress to start growing? How will individual If a child finishes early give them something else to do but needs be met? remind them to wash up their hands. If a child has difficulty help (Differentiation) them along so they dont feel left out. Plenary? I will once again bring the children to the carpet and ask them if (How will you bring they enjoyed the activity. I would then explain to them that the the activity to a activity is no over and that everyday each child will get to water close? How will you their plan, so we are able to watch them grow. focus on the purpose After a month or two, when the plants have grown, we will use of the activity? ) the watercress in a salad that we make. After this done each child will be able to take their p lant home. Activity 2 Activity Informing teenagers why harbored sex is important (brief description) What do we want To lowstand why we must protect ourselves when having sex. the children to learn? (learning intentions) Number of children 28 in the class but for certain activities they will be split into groups in group of four. Ages of children the 15 16 years old group Send out a letter to parents informing them that their child would be How will the activity taking part in a series of activities about STIs (Sexual Transmitted be introduced? Infections) and if they did not want their child to take part in this, (What will the adult they could inform us. be doing? What will After this letter had been sent out, I would remind the children who the children be are participating the day before. The morning of the activity I would doing? ) remind the teenagers to be on their best behaviour and if they feel uncomfortable about anything they would be allowed to leave the classroom. Throughout the morning there will be a range of activities, the teenagers will first fill out a questionnaire of what they know about How will the activity STIs and how they think they are transmitted. After this they would be developed? be presented with a PowerPoint presentation about STIs. (What will the adult They will then get into groups of four and discuss what they have be doing? What will just seen and learnt. In addition to this in their groups of four, they the children be will have to make a poster on a chosen STI, leaflets and handouts doing? ) will be given to them. After given the teenagers one hour to do that they would be allowed to feedback to the rest of the class. This allows the whole class to gain more knowledge and as it is group work allows the shyest of teenager participate. Resources Leaflets/Handouts mat up tips A3 sugar paper PowerPoint presentation http//www. nhs. uk/LiveWell/SexualHealth/Pages/Sexualhealthhome. aspx http//w ww. condomessentialwear. co. uk/ http//www. ruthinking. co. uk/ http//sexperienceuk. channel4. com/ Key vocabulary/ STIs questions How will individual By allowing children to walk out the class if they dont feel needs be met? comfortable. (Differentiation) Plenary? Get the teenagers to fill out a questionnaire about what they have (How will you bring learnt throughout the morning. he activity to a realise them leaflets about different STIs and allow the posters they close? How will you have done to be put up so to inform over teenagers, this will also focus on the purpose allow them to feel that their work is appreciated and it wasnt just a of the activity? ) pointless activity. D1) Routines can promote and maintain a healthy lifestyle ? Mealtime routines support healthy eating as once babies are weaned, it is important for them to eat a variety of healthy foods. As babies are still developing their sense of taste it is important this is when it happens.As children get o lder they will have more of a preference of what they would like to eat, but new foods could still be introduced if the child helps to prepare them, this would also help them improve their self-confidence as they are eating something that they helped to make. If children help to lay the table at mealtimes this would help them gain independence. Mealtime routines can promote a balanced diet, by eating a variety of fruit and vegetables, bread, other cereals and potatoes, meat, seek and alternatives, milk and dairy foods, foods containing fat and sugar.Children are able to develop a strong, well formed body they would have enough energy to keep warm and active, grow to their full potential height, maintain an appropriate weight for their height and age. Hygiene is interlinked with mealtime routines, as both adults and children should wash their hands after visiting the toilet, ever-changing a nappy and giving a feed, by doing this they will be preventing the spread of germs. By the ad ults doing this they can become role models to the children, which encourages them to wash their hands. In addition to this it should be explained to children why they are washing their hands e. . they are dirty and may have germs on them. There should be soap and water for them to wash their hands and individual towels for the children to dry them, preventing the spread of germs. As children get older To allow children to have a structure, as children start to understand at certain times they will have to do activities. they should be encouraged to wash their hands and face by themselves, this allows them to gain independence. Furthermore it helps them with gaining confidence to wash when at home, as they have done it at nursery. Sleep/rest routines promote a healthy environment as when children are tired they become supple and irritable, where they find it hard to control their emotions. By having this sort of routine the children are able to unwind from the activities that they have done and allow their bodies to prepare for oncoming activities. Children need specific hours of sleep this can be done with a sleep pattern throughout the day. This also helps the children as they know at certain times of the day it is time for them to sleep and unwind.When sleeping the bodys heart rate, bodily functions and breathing slow down meaning that when they wake they feel more refreshed and allows concentration, frame of mind and memory to function properly. If children are deprived from sleep it can cause the brain to suffer long deprivation. When children wake they may feel unsettled, so the child should be do to feel comforted. As the body loses water when it is asleep children should be offered a drink of water when woken. As well as children who are toilet trained should be familiar with the point that when they wake they should use the toilet.Activities can promote and maintain a healthy lifestyle ? In my first activity in E6 (cooking potatoes and vegetables) it interlinks with children having their 5-a-day, it also encourages them to help when preparing food. As potato is a vegetable it counts as one of their 5-a-day if a smattering is eating. Even if a child is not keen on vegetables, when helping to prepare food the child is more likely to eat it. This is also a social event as the children are able to sit and talk together, which also develops respects for each other. In an everyday environment e. . a setting, practitioners could fork up opportunities of different foods to children in a relaxed environment, which allows a unique chance to encourage healthy eating alongside the growth of educational and social skills. Young peoples eating patterns can be shaped through a variety of routes. Schools offer most important opportunity for educating children on nutritional issues and facilitating and encouraging healthy eating patterns alongside the development of academic and social skills. (Source www. thesnackpack. net (2002))When usi ng the watercress in meals it is important that the children use their sense of smell, they will also enjoy the fact that they grew it themselves this links with the EYFS. C1) The reason for planning and implementing activities which contribute to promoting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are ? ?Planning activities help to identify childrens needs, and provide for them. E. g. a washing clothes activity, things such as fragrances and chemicals in the washing powder could make the childs eczema flare up, so if an activity like this was to be planned biological soap powder would be preferred.This would help the practitioner plan, to every childs need no matter the age or size. These plans should be established on the childs abilities and be able to support them rather then on the age norms for the child. ?When planning chemises the child to stave ratio is considered, as it is important that there are enough staff member, so that children are kept a watchful eye on and are in a saf e environment. If there is not enough staff members this will not be possible and children are at a higher risk of going missing.They would also be able to look at activities that they have done before to see if improvements can be make for the next time. ?If activities are not planned correctly there can be risks associated with they activity, where children can be put in harm and danger. When making risk assessments it is important to 1. Recognize the hazard/s (which is anything that may cause harm to yourself or the child? ) 2. Decide who the hazard may affect and how? 3. Evaluate the risks and locate on precautions. 4. Record the findings and put them into practice. 5. Review the risk assessment.By reviewing the assessment the practitioner would be able to see if it has got better, and if the hazard is still there, if anything needs changing it is possible. They will also be able to go back to the assessment if anything was to go wrong. ? When children have special needs, it is important to incorporate this with the planning of the setting. As they may need outside help to support the needs of the child. Child psychiatrists are an example of this as they work with children who are showing stirred up and depression difficulties. As these doctors have been trained in mental health they specialise in helping children.This helps support children to develop in areas which they are struggling in but because of emotional difficulties are missing out on. E2/B1) There are several different legislations that support the rights of children to a healthy lifestyle and help to safeguard and underpin the rights of children in life. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is one regulation that supports this. This regulation is an international agreement, which was drawn up in 1989 it applies to all children and young people under the age of 18 years. obligate 2 (from the Little Book of Childrens Rights Responsibilities, given by Angela Marney on Wedne sday 8th October 2008) says that The convention applies to everyone, whatever their race, religion, abilities, whatever they think or say, whatever type of family they come from. This article shows that practitioners and the government should be diverse when dealing with children. In addition to this it shows that children should be do by equally by adults no matter their race or colour as by doing this the children are learning by modelling the behaviour of the adult.If a child is not treated equally they may feel left out and it may emotionally distress the child, meaning that the child may feel different compared to the other children. name 12 (from the Little Book of Childrens Rights Responsibilities, given by Angela Marney on Wednesday 8th October 2008) says, Children have the right to say what they think should happen, when adults are making decisions that affect them, and to have their opinions taken into account. This article shows that childrens opinions are important and should be taking into consideration and should be consulted hen their parents are separating, as the child should have a preference of who they stay with. As the child decision may not be final, it would be taking into consideration, when trying to make that final decision. Article 19 (from the Little Book of Childrens Rights Responsibilities, given by Angela Marney on Wednesday 8th October 2008) says, Governments should ensure that children are properly cared for, and protect them from violence, abuse and neglect by their parents, or anyone else who looks after them. This article is important as children should not be subjected to cruelty. Children are being subjected to cruelty by the same people that are meant to be protecting them from the world no adult has the right to subject any child to this. The Children Act 1989 also helps to support the rights of children. The Children Act 1989 covers the following ?reforms the law relating to children ?makes training for local aut hority services for children in need and others ? amends the law with respect to childrens homes, community home, voluntary homes and voluntary organisations ? akes provision with respect to fostering, child minding and day care for young children and adoption, and for connected purposes. (Source http//www. dcsf. gov. uk/childrenactreport/ Accessed 19/01/2009) It was updated in 2004 to include Every Child Matters Change for Children, this was an approach to look for the well-being of children and young people from birth to 19 years. The aim of this is to make sure that every child, whether their background or their circumstances, to have the support they need to ? Be healthy ?Stay safe hump and achieve ?Make a positive contribution ?Achieve economic well-being. Any organisation that is involved with providing services for children, teams up to provide new ways to work together and share information to help protect children from harm and help them to achieve what they want in life. A1) My first experience was an afternoon trip to The Co-Operative. We took a group of children aged 2-3 years, after they had woken from there afternoon nap. The aim of the trip was to teach the children about the different fruit and vegetables.As there were only four children there was me and one member of staff, we both had two children, we walked as The Co- Operative wasnt far from us. We made sure that the children had their coats so that they could stay warm. The only major barrier was that we had to cross the road, as there was a zebra crossing we used that. There was also a lollipop lady, we made sure that they looked left and right to see if any cars were coming and explained to them why we were doing this. When arriving at The Co-Operative we made sure that the children stayed close and were in eye sight at all times.When we found the fruit and vegetables, we asked them questions, such as if they knew what they were called and if they knew the colours of them. My second e xperience was a trip to the park the children had finished their morning activities. There were three members of staff and me, we took a group of eight children, and like the first activity there were two children to each adult but this time the childrens ages ranged between 2-4 years. The reason for the trip was for the children to get some fresh air and to exercise.As it was a sunny day the children did not need coats but all had jumpers on. We had to cross the road at an island as this was the safest way. When arriving at the park the children were only allowed to play in the designated area, which we made sure that we supervised very strictly. My first experience to The Co-Operative linked to the planning of the setting as at the time they were reading the book Handas Surprise, and they were learning about all the different fruits that were in that book and we were also helping them learn new vegetables.It also helps them to improve on their vocabulary and counting as we asked t hem how many items we had at the end of their shopping trip. It encourages them to eat health, which relates to healthy eating. My second experience to the park was linked to the planning of the setting as they would usually go outside to play in the garden, so we decided to give them more space to run around. When walking back from the park we asked them if they enjoyed their time, what they played on and if they wanted to go back soon, which helped the children to extend their vocabulary. The trip to the park helped them to have a daily ose of exercise. The cultural and social factors that were considered is that no child is discriminated against, that none of the children where there were made to feel left out and that their opinions and needs were respected, so they were treated as individuals. No matter what their race, religion, age or ability. For the first experience we made sure that it was appropriate for the childrens age. The social factors that were considered were to m ake sure that they interacted with each other and us as the practitioners we made sure that they held the practitioner hand so they were safe.We also made sure that they were interacting with other children and not just their usual circle of friends, by doing this the children got to build new relationships. It was important that children listened and followed the instructions and directions that were given to them by the practitioners as if the instructions were not followed properly the childrens life could be put in danger. I feel that I was effective in both experiences as I asked the children questions, on the way back and asked them what they had remembered from the trip on the way back.I was able to follow the instructions given to me in a calm manner and explain to my supervisor how both experiences were when I returned. The children listened and interacted to each other and to us as practitioners without any problems. The fact that they were both small group I was able to g ive the children support and the attention they needed, which helps them with their concentration and listening skills. During both experiences I was able to interact with the children and staff and monitor the behaviour and what was happening with the childrens progress

Analysis of Roderick Usher’s character in the story The Fall of the house of Usher Essay

Question Roderick Usher is a complicated char lay outer who seems to be both physically and mentally unstable on top of that he is also terrified. What is he so afraid of that causes him to act this way towards Madeline and the others? It is because he had committed incest, hence a sense of guilt for his actions? Or is it because he is the confuse-up the ghost in line of the usher family? Use Freudian psychoanalysis to examine the character of Roderick Usher.To study an case-by-case character by Freuds psychoanalytical method one must first look into how a foreland is divided. According to Freud psychoanalysis there are 3 layers in ones point innermost layer ID (our subconscious state of mind), then super ego (dealing with human conscience of in effect(p) and wrong) and outermost layer of the human ego (our conscious self-importance). Freud states that an individual can only control two-third of their mind that is the remaining one-third the ID cannot be controlled nor can on e be even aware of its state. ID, which is our actual self, the honest complicated inner-being which decides our actions, even the ones we are incapable of explaining is something beyond ones reach. One does not require any idea of what is going on that part of their mind all the repressed feelings are also stored in this section.Freud also mentioned that these repressed feelings or actions always emerge in the most ruby-red possible and unexpected ways and that explains Rodericks actions throughout the accounting. These repressed feelings can sometimes disguise in the form of something noble or kind. This outburst is termed as Freudian slip unintended actions or reactions out-of-pocket to repressed feelings. Usher being the last male clan of his family invites his friend the narrator to the Usher abode. This story leaves us with many questions beginning with no complete explanation of the narrators motives for arriving at the house of Usher or the other way around, why did Ush er invite his friend? A hardly a(prenominal) possible reasons could be that Roderick knew he would not survive so he wanted someone to take care the last moments or actions that would take place or just be with him, or whitethornbe he wanted someone to justify the sexual tautness between him and his sister Madeline.And if a sexual tension did exist between the twins then his sense of guilt and fear can also be justified. Roderick and Madeline were like two halves of the same circle, and therefore maybe the presence of an incestual relationship would make a pocket-sized sense. In the contemporary period intermarriages was a popular practice among the upper class royal families and since their family has no enduring branches, all offsprings were probably reproduced incestuously within the perimeter of the house. However, another reason why Roderick could have invited the narrator could be because he may have been homosexual and maybe felt something towards his childhood friend. I t is conflicting why Roderick specifically chooses the narrator and no one else, like the other parts of the story, this part is every bit mysterious. Madeline is a ghostly figure in the story, more like shes in the background, we only witness of Roderick and the narrator spending time together. And hence, the sexual orientation could be a possible explanation.Roderick seemed to be scurvy from hyperesthesia excessive physical sensitivity, especially of the skin (Oxford Dictionary). At the same time Madeline was cataleptic a checkup condition characterized by a trance or seizure with a loss of sensation and brain accompanied by rigidity of the body (Oxford Dictionary). Therefore she never lived in the real world, she was unaware of the circumstances, and absolutely lived in her own world.They were both mentally unstable, the twins. Roderick and Madeline both looked pale its as if one was tribulation because the other was. Now this also brings about questions in our minds abou t the mental condition of their previous generations. In most cases people inherit such disorders. So if we consider the mental disorder to be genetic, the Freudian slip adds to it and makes it worse, and definitely makes a person totally unstable mentally. The narrators description give us an idea of how healthy Roderick used to be once and how his health from what the narrator sees after he goes to the Usher house has gone worse.To sum up Rodericks character analysis, it can be said, that his disorder is somewhat genetic which is multiplied because of his repressed emotions. What probably made him so scared was people determination out about his past or incestual desires if there were any. And that is why maybe he buried his sister alive, he thought burying the sister would be burying the truth. His sister was the only kin for historic period alone with him, and since they were halves of the same circle, therefore the incestual relationship does make a little sense. The Freudian slip may have evoked some unusual actions towards his sister resulting into incest.

A Critical Analysis of My Strengths and Weaknesses

A Critical Analysis of My Strengths and Weaknesses in the aptitudes of Assertiveness Assertiveness enables us to act in our own surpass interests, to stand up for ourselves without undue anxiety, to exercise personal rights without denying the rights of others, and to express our feelings honestly and comfortably (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). Within social communication, the skill of wieldion is absolutely vital it is a skill we atomic number 18 constantly utilising either consciously or unconsciously.Through nurturing the skill of self-assertiveness a person may hurl fruitful relationships with family, friends, peers, superiors and subordinates (Rakos, 1997) based on honesty and equality. The skill of Assertiveness shadower be viewed in variantly within diverse cultures, for warning in the highly extraverted, expressive and individualistic culture that is apparent in America Assertiveness is a particularly important, if non essential skill.However in the much much reserved a nd introverted culture of Britain more emphasis is placed on interpersonal sensitivity, being a rewarding partner and the use of non-verbal signals (Forgas, 1985). The skill of argument has 9 main functions, these include helping individuals to ensure that their personal rights are non violated, fill reasonable requests of others, recognise the personal rights of others, avoid unnecessary truculent conflicts and confidently, and openly communicate their position regarding either issue (Hargie, 2009).Assertiveness is a skill that is learned and training is available for those who may line up it hard to assert their feelings within a social context. Assertiveness is a great skill to possess however there are times when an assertive response may in fact be the least responsive, in such times a non assertive or passive response may be what is required. The different levels of response are displayed well by the continuum which ranges from Non Assertive Assertive Aggressive.In mo st instances people should aim to catch ones breath as close to assertive on the continuum as possible, as this promotes both standing up for yourself whilst alike taking the other persons views into consideration. As a result of my Assertiveness practical(a) I found myself to be just smallly towards the more non-assertive side of the continuum. I was rather pleased with this result as I did not want to be positioned withal close to aggressive or non assertive.Throughout the Assertiveness Practical I had a number of Strengths which were outweighed by quite a number of Weaknesses, this is natural as Rakos stated Assertion is a learned skill, not a trait that a person has or lacks. An area passim the practical in which I was strong was Gesturing, upon analysing my video I found my gestures to be smooth and fluid, I feel this conveyed a non-verbal message that I was calm within the situation. Accentuating your message with appropriate gestures fag end channel emphasis, openne ss and warmth.A relaxed use of gestures can add depth or power to your messages (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). Another area which analysing my practical revealed I was strong was Paralanguage this can include an individuals rate of speech, intensity, tone and volume. I found the tone of my verbalise to be conversational but not overly friendly and I felt this was perfect for the situation, the other people winding in the practical commented on the intensity of my voice being quite firm but not intimidating as the still felt comfortable.This is quite an important aspect of being assertive as a Kimble and Seidel study showed that those who spoke with a supreme conversational tone where perceived as being confident and therefore more likely to work a more adequate answers (Richmond & McCroskey, 2000). Analysing my practical led me to see that I excelled in complex carry on assertion, most notably the use of embellishments. Embellishments lessen the social risk whilst having a intellig ence with someone, however if they are used too much they can be seen as false and can dilute a persons argument. I was particularly well versed in the use of both valuate and Empathy.An example of this in my practical was when the woman, who was trying to return a phone which was out of warranty verbalise you must understand where Im coming from in response to this I said of head for the hills I do Miss X, I was in your position just over a year ago before I began to work here and you are handling the situation much wear out than I did. The woman who prior to this piece of dialogue was getting rather agitated seemed to calm put down and come to terms with what I was trying to explain. Hargie states that empathic assertion conveys sensitivity to the other person therefrom allowing that person to feel understood and not undermined.Although I had a number of Strengths throughout my practical I overly had quite a few weaknesses which are illustrated by my personal assertivenes s inventory denounce which was +9, although the class average was +2, my score still showed that I can be assertive but find it quite difficult. One of the weaknesses I noticed was that I failed to keep eye contact with the person in my practical this was a major flaw and undoubtedly hindered my assertiveness. At quite regular intervals, namely when the discussion was getting a bit heated, I tended to look at the desk in front of me rather than counseling on the other person.Gaze aversion is typically an intentional act, you may be unsure of yourself and do not want him/her to see it in your eyes (Richmond & McCroskey, 2000). This was probably the case in my practical, I was unfamiliar with the effrontery situation and felt that I was out of my depth thus I avoided eye contact I can today see that this was a critical mistake. The second major flaw that I had involved my body posture, upon analysing the practical I realised that during our entire interaction my body was never dir ectly go about the other persons.When talking to another person, notice how much more personal the conversation becomes with a slight turn of the shoulders and torso toward the other person, this suggests confidence and openness to the conversation at hand (Alberti & Emmons, 2008). I now realise from my practical I was portraying quite a defensive posture, thus not pose the other person at ease whilst talking to me. Also from a defensive posture it is a lot harder to be assertive as the other person is likely to already have a certain prejudice about you.My final and most glaring weakness was overuse of the broken present approach, after analysing my practical session I realised that I used the phrase I am sorry, but there is nothing I can do a staggering amount of times. This is not a good tactic to employ as it can frustrate the other person, it can also dilute the argument and take away the relevance of what you are saying. Persistence should not be entangled with the broken record method, be fair with others and keep after them until theyre fair with you (Alberti & Emmons, 2008).Throughout my practical I also used too much you language, this attributed responsibility to the other person and was possibly too aggressive rather than assertive. In conclusion I feel that as a whole my assertiveness practical was a success there are a number of areas in which I can improve vastly such as posture and eye contact. However I feel that I did do extremely well in a few areas, these being gesturing and embellishments. Jim Rohn once said every(prenominal) time we speak we choose one of the four basic communication styles assertive, aggressive, passive and passive aggressive.This quotation helps me to illustrate that our learning of the skill of Assertion is continuous, throughout this practical research I have realised that Assertiveness is a great facet of an individuals personality, and when used right can be an outstanding tool. When a person has mastered the s kill they will know when to be assertive, whom to be assertive with and with what intensity to put their message across (Journal of Communication, Volume 19, Issue 03, Pages 257-265). In a minority of places where ethnic sensitivity is raw assertion may be deemed somewhat wreck less.Nevertheless, assertion that accommodates cultural norms is an accepted communication style and is widely used the world over. (Hargie, 2002) References Alberti, R. and Emmons, M. (1975) Stand Up, Speak Out, Talk choke The Key to Assertive demeanor. Pocket Books, New York Alberti, R. and Emmons, M. (2008) Youre Perfect Right, Assertiveness and Equality in Your liveliness and Relationships. Impact, San Luis Obisopo American Communication Journal, Volume 10, Issue 01, Spring 2008. Forgas, J. (1985) Interpersonal Bahaviour The Psychology of Social Interaction. Hargie, O. , Dickson, D.Skilled Interpersonal Communication, Research, guess and Practice, 7th edition. Routledge, London. Chapter 11. Journal of Communication, Volume 19, Issue 03, Pages 257-265, September 1969 Knapp, M. and Vangelisti, A. (2006) Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships. Allyn and Bacon, Texas Rakos, R. (2006) Assertive Behaviour Theory, Research and Training. Routledge, London. Richmond, V. and McCroskey, J. (2000) NonVerbal Behaviour in Interpersonal Relationships, Allyn and Bacon, Texas The Electronic Journal of Communication, Volume 13, Number 4 2003. Townend, A. (2007) Assertiveness and Diversity. Palgrave, Basingstoke.